Which concept focuses on ensuring data is complete, accurate, and untampered?

• A. Access Provisioning Solution
• B. Data Confidentiality
• C. Data Integrity
• D. Access Logs Review

Answer: (C)

Data integrity is the concept that ensures data remains complete, accurate, and unaltered from its original state throughout its lifecycle. It relies on preventing unauthorized changes, detecting any modifications, and validating that data stays consistent with its source and with business rules. Techniques like cryptographic hashes, checksums, digital signatures, integrity constraints, and audit trails help detect tampering and corruption, supporting trustworthy data for decisions.

This differs from access provisioning, which is about granting and managing user permissions to systems; data confidentiality, which protects data from being read by unauthorized parties; and reviewing access logs, which focuses on monitoring who accessed data rather than guaranteeing the data itself remains correct and intact.